CSV 文件处理基准测试：Golang、NestJS、PHP、Python

admin数码13/08/2024 10:16:4400

介绍

高效处理大型 csv 文件是许多应用程序中的常见要求，从数据分析到 etl（提取、转换、加载）过程。在本文中，我想对四种流行编程语言（golang、带有 nestjs 的 nodejs、php 和 python）在 macbook pro m1 上处理大型 csv 文件的性能进行基准测试。我的目标是确定哪种语言可以为该任务提供最佳性能。

测试环境

硬件：macbook pro m1，256gb ssd，8gb ram

软件：

macos 索诺玛 14.5
php 8.3.6
golang 1.22.4
node.js 22.0.0 与 nestjs
python 3.12.3

测试数据

我使用了一个名为 sales_data.csv 的合成 csv 文件，其中包含大约 100 万行，每行包含交易详细信息，例如 transaction_id、product_id、数量、价格和时间戳。

任务描述

对于每种语言，脚本执行以下任务：

立即学习“PHP免费学习笔记（深入）”；

读取 csv 文件。
计算总销售额。
识别销量最高的产品。

执行

以下是每种语言使用的脚本：

go 语言脚本：

销售.go

package main

import (
    "encoding/csv"
    "fmt"
    "os"
    "strconv"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    start := time.now()

    file, err := os.open("../generate-csv/sales_data.csv")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.println("error:", err)
        return
    }
    defer file.close()

    reader := csv.newreader(file)
    _, _ = reader.read() // skip header

    totalsales := 0.0
    productsales := make(map[string]float64)

    for {
        line, err := reader.read()
        if err != nil {
            break
        }
        productid := line[1]
        quantity, _ := strconv.atoi(line[2])
        price, _ := strconv.parsefloat(line[3], 64)
        total := float64(quantity) * price

        totalsales += total
        productsales[productid] += total
    }

    var topproduct string
    var topsales float64
    for product, sales := range productsales {
        if sales &gt; topsales {
            topproduct = product
            topsales = sales
        }
    }

    elapsed := time.since(start)
    fmt.printf("golang execution time: %s\n", elapsed)
    fmt.printf("total sales: $%.2f\n", totalsales)
    fmt.printf("top product: %s with sales $%.2f\n", topproduct, topsales)
}

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nestjs脚本：

csv.service.ts

import { injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
import * as fs from 'fs';
import * as fastcsv from 'fast-csv';

// path file csv
const global_csv_path = '../generate-csv/sales_data.csv';

@injectable()
@injectable()
export class csvservice {
  async parsecsv(): promise {
    return new promise((resolve, reject) =&gt; {
      const starttime = process.hrtime();

      let totalsales = 0;
      const productsales: { [key: string]: number } = {};

      fs.createreadstream(global_csv_path)
        .pipe(fastcsv.parse({ headers: true, delimiter: ',' }))
        .on('data', (row) =&gt; {
          const productid = row.product_id;
          const quantity = parseint(row.quantity, 10);
          const price = parsefloat(row.price);
          const total = quantity * price;
          totalsales += total;
          if (!productsales[productid]) {
            productsales[productid] = 0;
          }
          productsales[productid] += total;
        })
        .on('end', () =&gt; {
          const topproduct = object.keys(productsales).reduce((a, b) =&gt;
            productsales[a] &gt; productsales[b] ? a : b,
          );
          const topproductsales = productsales[topproduct] || 0;
          const endtime = process.hrtime(starttime);
          const nestexecutiontime = endtime[0] + endtime[1] / 1e9;

          console.log(`nestjs execution time: ${nestexecutiontime} seconds`);
          console.log(`total sales: $${totalsales}`);
          console.log(
            `top product: ${topproduct} with sales $${topproductsales}`,
          );

          resolve({
            nestexecutiontime,
            totalsales,
            topproductsales,
          });
        })
        .on('error', (error) =&gt; reject(error));
    });
  }
}

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csv.controller.ts

import { controller, get } from '@nestjs/common';
import { csvservice } from './csv.service';

@controller('csv')
export class csvcontroller {
  constructor(private readonly csvservice: csvservice) {}

  @get('parse')
  async parsecsv(): promise {
    return this.csvservice.parsecsv();
  }
}

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php脚本

销售.php

<?php $start_time = microtime(true);

$file = fopen("../generate-csv/sales_data.csv", "r");
$total_sales = 0;
$product_sales = [];

fgetcsv($file); // skip header
while (($line = fgetcsv($file)) !== false) {
    $product_id = $line[1];
    $quantity = (int)$line[2];
    $price = (float)$line[3];
    $total = $quantity * $price;

    $total_sales += $total;
    if (!isset($product_sales[$product_id])) {
        $product_sales[$product_id] = 0;
    }
    $product_sales[$product_id] += $total;
}
fclose($file);

arsort($product_sales);
$top_product = array_key_first($product_sales);

$end_time = microtime(true);
$execution_time = ($end_time - $start_time);

echo "php execution time: ".$execution_time." seconds\n";
echo "total sales: $".$total_sales."\n";
echo "top product: ".$top_product." with sales $".$product_sales[$top_product]."\n";

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python脚本

import csv
import time

# Input file name config
input_file = '../generate-csv/sales_data.csv'


def parse_csv(file_path):
    start_time = time.time()

    total_sales = 0
    product_sales = {}

    with open(file_path, mode='r') as file:
        reader = csv.DictReader(file)

        for row in reader:
            product_id = row['product_id']
            quantity = int(row['quantity'])
            price = float(row['price'])
            total = quantity * price
            total_sales += total

            if product_id not in product_sales:
                product_sales[product_id] = 0
            product_sales[product_id] += total

    top_product = max(product_sales, key=product_sales.get)
    execution_time = time.time() - start_time

    return {
        'total_sales': total_sales,
        'top_product': top_product,
        'top_product_sales': product_sales[top_product],
        'execution_time': execution_time,
    }


if __name__ == "__main__":
    result = parse_csv(input_file)
    print(f"Python Execution time: {result['execution_time']:.2f} seconds")
    print(f"Total Sales: ${result['total_sales']:.2f}")
    print(f"Top Product: {result['top_product']} with sales ${
          result['top_product_sales']:.2f}")

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